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Taking Control of Your Skin Care Routine

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By Koji Ota, MD

If you don’t have a daily skin care routine, it can feel overwhelming to start one. -There is a dizzying amount of information and recommendations, whether it be from skin care brands advertising their products or a TikTok influencer raving about the newest skin care hack. Contrary to some recommendations, you don’t need 12 steps or to break the bank to have an effective skin care routine. Here are some recommendations to get you started:

Basic Skin Care Routine

A basic skin care routine starts with a gentle cleanser, moisturizer, and sunscreen.

  • Cleanser is the important first step in a skin care regimen to clean the oil, dirt, sweat, make-up, and pollutants that accumulate on your skin throughout the day. This helps prevent clogged pores and breakouts, as well as prepare your skin for other skin care products to penetrate properly into your skin. Generally, you should select a gentle cleanser that will not overly strip your skin of moisture and oil that can lead to dryness and irritation.

Some cleansers can contain ingredients that address specific skincare problems, such as benzoyl peroxide or salicylic acid to treat acne, or some with chemical exfoliants such as glycolic acid that can help reveal a brighter complexion and correct an uneven skin tone. It’s important not to overuse these products as they can lead to irritation of the skin.

  • A facial moisturizer should be applied every day to keep your skin hydrated. Dry skin can lead to flaking, and redness, and make it more prone to irritation. A moisturizer should be selected based on your skin type. For anyone with dry skin, or during dry and colder months, a thicker, more hydrating moisturizer may be needed to keep your skin adequately hydrated.
  • Sunscreen is one of the most important steps in a skin care routine. Anytime you plan to be outside during the day, you should apply sunscreen with SPF 30 or higher. This will protect your skin from the sun’s harmful ultraviolet rays which lead to accelerated skin aging and increased risk of skin cancer.

 

Next Steps

Once you have the basics down, you can consider adding more products that contain active ingredients to address your specific concerns. Next, we will review vitamin C and retinoids.

  • Vitamin C is a potent antioxidant that can protect the skin against environmental factors including sun damage and pollution. When used consistently, it can help reduce the appearance of dark spots on your skin, improve skin complexion, and help slow skin aging.

There are many formulations of vitamin C including creams and serums. Some formulations may cause irritation and lead to breakouts, so it’s important to select the products based on your specific skin type. Vitamin C should generally be applied in the morning, after cleansing and before sunscreen.

  • Retinoids are a group of Vitamin A-derived chemicals that have a wide range of uses in dermatology. They are one of the most effective types of products to improve acne, fine lines and wrinkles, even skin tone, and correct dark spots.

Retinoids can vary from over-the-counter retinols to prescription medications, most often prescribed to treat acne. They should generally be used at night, after cleansing and before application of moisturizers.

It is important to note that retinoids can be drying and irritating to the skin, so you should only apply a pea-sized amount to your whole face, and to start slow; for example I generally advise my patients to start using retinoids once every other day for a couple of weeks and increasing frequency to every night if you are not having irritation. One strategy that helps reduce the irritation of retinoids is to do a “moisturizer sandwich,” where you apply a layer of moisturizer before the retinoid, followed by another layer of moisturizer after the retinoid. Retinoids should not be used by anyone that is pregnant or is actively trying to conceive.

If you have any specific questions or concerns about building a skin care routine, or if you have a skin condition, talk to a dermatologist who can help you build a skin care routine that is tailored to your specific skin needs.

 

 

 

 

 

References

Al-Niaimi F, Chiang NYZ. Topical Vitamin C and the Skin: Mechanisms of Action and Clinical Applications. J Clin Aesthet Dermatol. 2017 Jul;10(7):14-17. Epub 2017 Jul 1. PMID: 29104718; PMCID: PMC5605218.

Farris P. SUPPLEMENT ARTICLE: Retinol: The Ideal Retinoid for Cosmetic Solutions. J Drugs Dermatol. 2022 Jul 1;21(7):s4-s10. doi: 10.36849/JDD.SO722. PMID: 35816071.

Ludman, P. Dermatologist-recommended Skin Care for your 20s. American Academy of Dermatology. Accessed 2/16/2025. https://www.aad.org/public/everyday-care/skin-care-basics/care/skin-care-in-your-20s

Skin Care In Your 40s and 50s. American Academy of Dermatology. Accessed 2/16/2025 https://www.aad.org/public/everyday-care/skin-care-basics/care/skin-care-in-your-40s-and-50s

How to Take Care of Your Lips

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By Joan Pohutsky DNP, NP-BC

Valentine’s Day is just around the corner- are your lips ready? This part of your face can be easily overlooked, yet they are one of the most sensitive areas of the face prone to dehydration, damage, and irritation. Dry, chapped, and cracked lips can leave you feeling less than confident, especially when you’re looking to flaunt your best pout.

But what makes them so vulnerable, and how do you properly care for your lips? With a few simple steps, you can ensure that your lips are soft, supple, and ready to shine for Valentine’s Day (and beyond).

Why Are Our Lips So Vulnerable?

Dry, chapped, red, sore, cracked lips, also known as cheilitis, can be exacerbated by:

Anatomical factors: Skin on the lips is thinner than the rest of the face and lacks sebaceous glands, which produce natural oils. This can quickly lead to epidermal barrier dysfunction.

Environmental factors: Extreme weather conditions, such as cold, windy, dry, or very sunny climates.

Allergies and Irritants: Sensitivities to lip products, food, toothpaste, and certain medications.

Stress: Psychological and emotional stress can lead to repetitive mechanical trauma, like lip licking or constant rubbing.

Other conditions: Actinic cheilitis, caused by sun damage, can lead to skin cancer if not treated. It can also, less commonly, be a result of nutritional deficiencies such as B12 or iron.

Treatment: Caring For Your Lips

Treating the underlying cause is important, as is following general guidelines including:

  1. Hydration

Drinking water is important for your overall health, but drinking more water alone will not improve cracked, dry lips. Look for products with the following:

Hyaluronic Acid, Honey, Ceramides, Vitamin E, Oils, Oils, Dimethicone, Petrolatum, or Shea Butter

Using a humidifier and regularly applying lip balm with active ingredients can help lock in moisture externally and provide protection.

  1. Gentle Exfoliation

Exfoliating your lips helps to remove dead skin cells, improving smoothness and preventing lips from looking rough and flaky. However, the thin and delicate skin on the lips makes gentle methods of exfoliation crucial so as not to impair your skin barrier – once or twice a week is usually enough. If your lips are particularly chapped, skip exfoliation until they heal! Exfoliating cracked lips can worsen irritation. Look for gentle lip scrubs that contain sugar, honey, or olive oils, then gently massage the scrub into your lips with small circular motions and rinse with lukewarm water.

  1. Avoid Trauma: Harsh Products and Lip Licking

The lips are a common location for contact dermatitis, a rash that manifests as inflammation, redness, itching, and discomfort. Contact dermatitis develops due to skin sensitivities or allergic reactions to certain ingredients in products used on or around the lips. Common culprits include:

Toothpaste and other products such as mouthwash, denture cleaner, and dental floss can contain fluoride, sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS), and flavoring.

Citrus, Cinnamon, and other acidic foods

Metal in orthodontic devices and dental restoration

Medicines like neomycin and bacitracin

Fragrances and preservatives

It may feel like licking your lips is a quick fix for dryness, but it actually can worsen the problem. Enzymes in saliva can irritate the delicate skin on the lips and evaporate quickly, leaving your lips even drier than before. Instead of licking, use a soothing lip balm whenever your lips feel dry.

Choose a product free of potential irritants, especially those containing eucalyptus, camphor, flavoring, fragrance, lanolin, menthol, oxybenzone, phenol, propyl gallate, and salicylic acid.  Artificial fragrances, dyes, and alcohols can further dry out and irritate your lips.

Also, avoid long-wear and matte lip formulas if your lips are already feeling dry or cracked. These products often contain drying ingredients that exacerbate lip irritation. If you must wear a long-lasting lipstick, layer it over a nourishing lip balm to create a moisture barrier.

  1. Daily Sun Protection

Just like anywhere else on your body, your lips are vulnerable to the sun’s harmful ultraviolet (UV) rays. Exposure to UV light can cause sunburn, premature aging, thinning of the lips, and increase the risk of skin cancer including basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and melanoma.

Protect your lips by using a mineral lip balm with SPF 30 or higher. Look for products with broad-spectrum coverage to protect against both UVA and UVB rays, containing zinc oxide or titanium oxide. Reapply regularly throughout the day, especially if you’re spending time outdoors, in the water, or perspiring, and consider sun-protective clothing like wide-brimmed hats.

  1. Diet and Lifestyle

Deficiencies in certain vitamins and minerals can lead to lip inflammation, which can be prevented by a balanced diet rich in essential nutrients such as:

Vitamin A, B Vitamins, Vitamin C, Vitamin E, Iron, Zinc, Magnesium

Additionally, alcohol consumption should be limited due to its diuretic effects contributing to chapped, discolored lips. Don’t smoke, as it can break down collagen and elastin, decreasing volume and thus causing vertical wrinkles, or “smoker’s lines.”

Summary

Be sure your lips are part of your skincare routine by maintaining healthy habits like hydration and sun protection. Make an appointment to see us if you have any new or changing lesions on your lips or would like to discuss restoring your lips’ appearance with safe and effective procedures that yield natural-looking results.

 

Happy Valentine’s Day—here’s to love and healthy, happy lips!

 

 

 

Sources

American Academy of Dermatology. (n.d.). How to heal dry, chapped lips. American Academy of Dermatology. Retrieved December 30, 2024, from https://www.aad.org/public/everyday-care/skin-care-basics/dry/heal-dry-chapped-lips

Devgan, L., & Singh, P. (2023) Clinical assessment of a topical ceramide and hyaluronic acid based lip treatment in perceived lip aesthetics. ResearchGate. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Lara-Devgan/publication/381229429_Dr_Devgan_Platinum_Lip_Plump-_Clinical_assessment_of_a_topical_ceramide_and_hyaluronic_acid_based_lip_treatment_in_perceived_lip_aesthetics/links/6662a48bb769e769191d78e7/Dr-Devgan-Platinum-Lip-Plump-Clinical-assessment-of-a-topical-ceramide-and-hyaluronic-acid-based-lip-treatment-in-perceived-lip-aesthetics.pdf

Fonseca, Allene MDa,b; Jacob, Sharon E. MDc,d,e; Sindle, Allison MDf,*. Art of prevention: Practical interventions in lip-licking dermatitis. International Journal of Women’s Dermatology 6(5):p 377-380, December 2020. | DOI: 10.1016/j.ijwd.2020.06.001

Lugović-Mihić, L., Špiljak, B., Blagec, T., Delaš Aždajić, M., Franceschi, N., Gašić, A., & Parać, E. (2023). Factors Participating in the Occurrence of Inflammation of the Lips (Cheilitis) and Perioral Skin. Cosmetics, 10(1), 9. https://doi.org/10.3390/cosmetics10010009

Park K. Role of micronutrients in skin health and function. Biomol Ther (Seoul). 2015 May;23(3):207-17. doi: 10.4062/biomolther.2015.003. Epub 2015 May 1. PMID: 25995818; PMCID: PMC4428712.

Shang J, Feng X, Chen Y, Gu Z, Liu Y. Human lip vermilion: Physiology and age-related changes. J Cosmet Dermatol. 2024; 23: 2676-2680. doi:10.1111/jocd.16317

Tips for Nail Health

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We decorate them, paint them, and use them daily, but how do we keep our nails healthy? Brittle or fragile nails affect up to 20% of the population. This can be due to age, environmental factors, pregnancy, repeated trauma, medications, and much more! Fragile nails can lead to breakage, splitting, flaking, and chipping. In this blog post I’ll be discussing some Dos and Don’ts of nail care to ensure you keep your nails healthy and strong.

How do our nails grow?

Our nails are composed of multiple layers of tightly packed protein, called keratin, which grows from the nail matrix, an area at the base of the nail below the cuticle. Fingernails grow about 2-3mm per month, with our toenails growing about 1-2mm per month. The rate of their growth is dependent on many factors including age, gender, season, dominant hand, and medications to name a few. Did you know your nails tend to have accelerated growth during the summer months? Keep reading for some tips to keep your nails healthy and strong.

5 Dos of Promoting Healthy Nails

  1. Keep the nails short: Trimming the nails regularly decreases the risk of trauma to the nail. It is best to cut your nails almost straight across to help protect against ingrown nails. Use a nail file to round the corners to prevent them from snagging onto things and breaking. Tip: If your nails become thick and difficult to cut, soak them in warm water for a few minutes or trim them after getting out of the shower.
  2. Keep the nails clean and dry: Ensuring you keep your hands, feet, and nails dry can prevent splitting of the nails.  Keeping them clean helps prevent bacteria from accumulating underneath the nails. Tip: Wear rubber gloves when doing wet work.
  3. Keep the nails moisturized: This helps nails remain flexible and protects against splitting or damage. Soaps and household cleansers can dehydrate the hands and nails, so wearing protective gloves while performing household tasks and applying moisturizers are beneficial.
  4. Wear properly fitted footwear: Wearing the correct size footwear helps prevent injury to the toenails due to trauma from the front of the shoe. Alternating which shoes are worn can reduce repeated injury.
  5. Take a break between nail polish uses: Acetone-containing nail polish removers can dehydrate the nail plate. Allowing 1-2 weeks between manicures allows the nails time to recover. Use this break to rehydrate your nails with moisturizers. Despite the effect nail polish remover can have, don’t pick nail polish off as this can damage the nail.

5 Don’ts of Promoting Nail Health

  1. Do not cut your cuticles: The cuticle acts as a protective barrier to the nail matrix; it is inadvisable to cut the cuticle as it allows a route for bacteria to enter.
  2. Do not bite your fingernails: Nail biting is harmful; it can introduce bacteria, increasing the risk of infection. Additionally, biting nails may be harmful and damaging to your teeth.
  3. Do not use harsh chemicals on the nails: Harsh chemicals can damage nails, making them more prone to breakage. TIP: Choose an acetone-free polish remover to avoid further drying of the nail.
  4. Do not use the nails as a tool: Whether opening a can or scraping something off, using your nails to perform activities intended for tools can cause trauma and damage.
  5. Do not remove hangnails or ingrown nails: When removing a hangnail or ingrown nail improperly, you run the risk of causing further damage. Tearing off a hangnail or unearthing an ingrown nail can injure normal skin and introduce bacteria. Hangnails should be gently clipped with a clean scissor or nail clipper, while the removal of an ingrown nail should be managed by a dermatologist or podiatrist.

When to consult a Dermatologist

The condition of your nails can provide clues about your overall health. Changes in nail appearance or health may signal an underlying illness. If you notice any of the following, make an appointment with us for further evaluation:

  1. Change in color of the nail: Whether the nail begins to appear white, yellow, green, or black, this could be an indication of an underlying pathology, including infection, anemia, lack of circulation, or even skin cancer.
  2. Changes in the shape of the nail, including thinning or thickening: Alterations in the thickness or shape of the nails can be due to many conditions such as psoriasis, abnormal thyroid function, circulation or respiratory problems, signs of inadequate nutrition, and gastrointestinal disease, among others.
  3. Indentations, grooves, or any other changes to the nail surface: You may experience transverse lines, longitudinal ridging, pitting, or small dents of the nails. These can be associated with psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, alopecia, lichen planus, or a prior systemic illness or stress.
  4. Separation of the nail from the surrounding skin: If the nail begins to lift and separate from the surrounding skin, this could be attributed to underlying mechanisms such as infection, tumors, psoriasis, or injury to the nail.
  5. Pain or swelling surrounding the nail: Developing redness, tenderness, and swelling around the nail can indicate there is an infection in the area that needs to be addressed.
  6. Failure of the nail to grow: Lack of nail growth can be due to various etiologies including injury, nutritional deficiencies, psoriasis, lichen planus, or advanced age.

Taking care of your nails is more than just aesthetics, it’s an important part of your overall health. By adopting habits like proper trimming, regular moisturizing, and avoiding harsh chemicals, you can keep your nails in top condition. With the right care and attention, you can maintain nails that are not only healthy and functional but also a source of confidence and style.

 

 

 

References:

  1. Bolognia JL, Cerroni L, Schaffer JV. Biology of Nails. In: Dermatology. 4th ed. Elsevier Science Health Science; 2017.
  2. Chessa MA, Iorizzo M, Richert B, et al. Pathogenesis, clinical signs and treatment recommendations in Brittle Nails: A Review. Dermatology and Therapy. 2019;10(1):15-27. doi:10.1007/s13555-019-00338-x
  3. Draelos ZD. Understanding and Treating Brittle Nails. Cosmetic Dermatology. 2009;22(12).
  4. Garbers LE, Miola AC, Dias PC, Miot LD, Miot HA, Schmitt JV. Efficacy of 2.5 mg oral biotin versus 5% topical minoxidil in increasing nail growth rate. Experimental Dermatology. 2021;30(9):1322-1323. doi:10.1111/exd.14316
  5. How to trim your nails. American Academy of Dermatology. Accessed December 11, 2024.https://www.aad.org/public/everyday-care/nail-care-secrets/basics/how-to-trim-nails#:~:text=To%20properly%20trim%20your%20nails%2C%20dermatologists%20recommend%20the%20following%20tips,few%20minutes%20to%20soften%20them.
  6. Tips for healthy nails. American Academy of Dermatology. Accessed November 25, 2024. https://www.aad.org/public/everyday-care/nail-care-secrets/basics/healthy-nail-tips

Male Pattern Hair Loss: Part 2

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By Koji Ota, MD, FAAD

In my previous blog post, I reviewed the natural history of male pattern hair loss, also known as androgenetic alopecia (AGA). In this section, I will discuss some of the newer treatments that have developed in recent years.

Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP)

Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP) is a medical procedure that involves having your own blood drawn in the doctor’s office. The blood is then centrifuged, or spun down in specialized equipment that separates the PRP portion from other blood components. PRP is then injected back into the scalp. This is usually done in a series of a few treatments about 1 month apart. Many studies have shown that it can be helpful in increasing the density as well as hair thickness. It is important to note that these studies are small in size with variable results, and that PRP continues to be an evolving area of research. Side effects of PRP are usually mild, most often temporary pain at the injection site. Downtime after the procedure is minimal.

Low-Level Laser Therapy

Low-Level Laser Therapy (LLLT) has become increasingly more prevalent in recent years. It involves emitting low-level lasers or light-emitting diodes (LED) to the scalp. Multiple studies found that using LLLT in the red-light range multiple times a week has shown improvement in hair density as early as 3 months. LLLT appears to be more effective when combined with other therapies, such as topical minoxidil. Side effects are minimal and mild, but include temporary hair shedding, itching, and tenderness of the scalp, as well as acne.

Microneedling

Microneedling is another therapy that can be used for hair loss. It involves using small needles to create micro-wounds in the skin and is used for multiple conditions in dermatology. In hair loss, it is often combined with other agents such as topical minoxidil and PRP. The preliminary data from some studies shows promise, however, this remains an area of continued research.

KeraFactor

KeraFactor is a new treatment for hair loss that is offered in our office. It involves applying a proprietary formula consisting of a combination of growth factors and skin proteins that can improve hair growth. With this in-office treatment, we use a specialized device to make very small channels on the surface of the scalp with minimal discomfort, then apply the KeraFactor serum onto the scalp. The application is then followed by lower level laser (LLLT) to enhance effectiveness. KeraFactor has been shown to improve hair density and hair diameter as well as increase the total hair count.

Hair Transplantation

Lastly, hair transplantation is an effective surgical method for hair restoration for certain types of hair loss. During a hair transplant, the hair follicles that are androgen-resistant (most commonly from the back of the scalp) are surgically transferred to the area of hair loss. It can offer long-lasting and natural-looking results. However, not everyone is a good candidate as one must have enough hair that can be transplanted, and the scalp must be healthy enough to grow hair. It is important to discuss whether you are a good candidate with your dermatologist when considering hair transplantation.

The therapies mentioned above as well as in the ones discussed in part one do not cover the entirety of options available for AGA. There are other medications, procedures, and supplements that are available on the market today. The range can be overwhelming! It is always important to have a thorough examination and evaluation and to discuss with your dermatologist the benefits and risks of the plan to determine which is the right one for you.

 

 

 

 

References:

Shapiro J, Ho A, Sukhdeo K, Yin L, Lo Sicco K. Evaluation of platelet-rich plasma as a treatment for androgenetic alopecia: A randomized controlled trial. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2020 Nov;83(5):1298-1303. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2020.07.006. Epub 2020 Jul 9. PMID: 32653577.

Stevens J, Khetarpal S. Platelet-rich plasma for androgenetic alopecia: A review of the literature and proposed treatment protocol. Int J Womens Dermatol. 2018 Sep 21;5(1):46-51. doi: 10.1016/j.ijwd.2018.08.004. PMID: 30809579; PMCID: PMC6374694.

Gupta AK, Quinlan EM, Venkataraman M, Bamimore MA. Microneedling for Hair Loss. J Cosmet Dermatol. 2022 Jan;21(1):108-117. doi: 10.1111/jocd.14525. Epub 2021 Oct 29. PMID: 34714971.

Zito PM, Raggio BS. Hair Transplantation. 2024 Feb 12. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2024 Jan–. PMID: 31613520.

Gupta AK, Danika CA et al. “Progression of surgical hair restoration techniques.” J Cutan Med Surg. 2015 Jan-Feb;28(1):17-21.

American Academy of Dermatology. A Hair Transplant Can Give You Permanent, Natural-looking Results. https://www.aad.org/public/diseases/hair-loss/treatment/transplant. Accessed 12/5/2024

Male Pattern Hair Loss: Part 1

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By Koji Ota, MD

Male androgenetic alopecia (AGA), also known as male pattern hair loss, is a very common condition affecting more than 50% of adult men over the age of 50. It is one of the more common concerns that patients bring to a dermatologic practice. In this post we will be discussing the cause of AGA and different treatment options. It is important to note, however, that there are many causes of hair loss, and that it is important to have your hair loss evaluated by a qualified provider to make a proper diagnosis and treatment plan.

Male pattern hair loss: how does it happen?

AGA is driven by androgens which are important hormones for the development and regulation of the human body. Testosterone is the most active androgen in males and is converted to dihydrotestosterone (DHT) by an enzyme called 5-alpha reductase. DHT leads to changes in hair to become thinner and eventually leads to balding.

Genetics play a large role in androgenetic alopecia, contributing to about 80% of susceptibility. Many genes contribute to an individual’s susceptibility to male androgenetic alopecia which explains the diverse range of how hair loss presents in different people.

Treatments, part 1

The two commonly used treatments that are FDA approved for AGA in men are topical minoxidil and oral finasteride.

Topical minoxidil, also commonly known by its brand name Rogaine, is one of the most studied medications for hair loss. Multiple studies have shown efficacy of topical minoxidil in treating AGA in both men and women. It is thought that minoxidil affects the circulation around hair follicles that stimulates growth. It helps hair stay in its growth phase (anagen phase) longer, leading to thicker and fuller hair.

It’s important to note that once this medication is discontinued, hair loss will return. This is the case with most treatments for hair loss so it’s important to understand this is a long-term commitment Additionally, when first starting minoxidil, there can be a period of increased shedding. It typically happens about 2-4 weeks after starting treatment, and can last about 3-6 weeks. This is temporary and the subsequent hair that grows back will be thicker and fuller.

More recently, low dose oral minoxidil has gained popularity as a treatment option of AGA, as many would find taking one pill a day easier to do compared to using a topical solution twice a day. It has shown similar efficacy to topical minoxidil.

Studies have shown that at the low doses that are used for hair loss the medication is considered effective and safe, however, it may not be suitable for everyone. The most common side effect is increased hair growth on other areas of the body other than the scalp. Additionally, minoxidil was originally used at higher doses as a blood pressure medication; side effects are rare at the low dose, but can include leg swelling, dizziness, and EKG changes. It is important to discuss any significant past medical history including any heart issues when discussing initiation of oral minoxidil.

Oral finasteride is another commonly used medication for male pattern hair loss. It works by decreasing production of DHT, which as mentioned before is a key cause of hair loss. It is important to note a small number of patients may experience sexual side effects, such as decreased libido when taking finasteride. It is important to discuss treatment options with your provider to determine which medications are the right ones for you.

In Part 2, we will be further discussing treatment options for AGA in men, including newer and procedural treatments such as platelet-rich plasma, low-level laser light therapy, and others.

 

 

 

Reference

  1. Courtney, A., Triwongwarant, D., Chim, I., Eisman, S., & Sinclair, R. (2023). Evaluating 5 alpha reductase inhibitors for the treatment of male androgenic alopecia. Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy, 24(18), 1919–1922. https://doi.org/10.1080/14656566.2023.2280630
  2. Adil A, Godwin M. The effectiveness of treatments for androgenetic alopecia: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2017 Jul;77(1):136-141.e5. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2017.02.054. Epub 2017 Apr 7. PMID: 28396101.
  3. Patel P, Nessel TA, Kumar D D. Minoxidil. [Updated 2023 Feb 24]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2024 Jan-. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK482378/#
  4. Randolph M, Tosti A. Oral minoxidil treatment for hair loss: A review of efficacy and safety. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2021 Mar;84(3):737-746. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2020.06.1009. Epub 2020 Jul 2. PMID: 32622136.
  5. Nohria A, Desai D, Sikora M, Mandal S, Shapiro J, Lo Sicco K. Combating “dread shed”: The impact of overlapping topical and oral minoxidil on temporary hair shedding during oral minoxidil initiation. JAAD Int. 2024 Mar 25;15:220-224. doi: 10.1016/j.jdin.2024.03.005. PMID: 38707927; PMCID: PMC11067493.

 

 

What is Ozempic Face and What Can You do About It?

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By Elena Allbritton, MD

With over 2.3 million views of #ozempicface on TikTok and social media abuzz with stories about “Ozempic face,” numerous articles have been written about the facial changes following rapid and substantial weight loss. The phrase was coined by NY dermatologist Dr. Paul Frank, who observed his patients on weight-loss medications complaining about their gaunt, sagging faces. Although linked with Ozempic, a prescription drug developed to treat diabetes, the real culprit behind “Ozempic Face” is significant weight loss. So is the trade-off for dramatic weight loss a wrinkled, older-appearing face? The short answer is yes, although some people are more susceptible than others.

Source: GrepMed

At almost $90 Billion, the U.S. Weight Loss Industry has reached a historic peak. The rise of prescription drugs such as GLP-1 agonists (Ozempic, Wegovy, Rybelsus, Trulicity, Victoza, and Saxenda; semaglutide, dulaglutide, liraglutide) and combination GIP/GLP-1 agonists (Mounjaro and Zepbound; tirzepatide) has significantly affected the diet industry and revolutionized the treatment of obesity and diabetes. Estimates are that one in eight adults has tried one of these medications for weight loss or to manage diabetes.

How do Ozempic and Simular Drugs Work?

Originally designed as a treatment for diabetes, Ozempic works by mimicking the action of the GLP-1 (glucagon-like peptide-1) hormone, which regulates blood sugar levels and slows down digestion, leading to reduced appetite and, ultimately, weight loss. GLP-1 (incretin hormone) is produced by the gut and increases insulin production from the pancreas only when blood sugar levels are elevated. This targeted action reduces the risk of hypoglycemia (low blood sugar), which is a common concern with other diabetes medications

Ozempic is one of several drugs that have gained immense popularity for their off-label use in weight loss. Weight loss from these drugs is significant and can be up to 15-25% of body weight over the course of 1 – 1.5 years.

  • FDA approved for treating diabetes: Ozempic, Trulicity, and Mounjaro (administered by injection weekly or daily (Victoza).
  • Rybelsus is an oral semaglutide GLP-1 agonist taken daily for diabetes management.
  • FDA approved for weight loss: Wegovy (weekly injection semaglutide) and Saxenda (daily injection liraglutide) are the only GLP-1 medications FDA approved for weight loss. Zepbound (weekly injection tirzepatide) GIP/GLP-1 agonist

** Weight management for obesity (body mass index [BMI] ≥ 30) or overweight (BMI ≥ 27) plus at least one weight-related comorbidity such as hypertension, type 2 diabetes, and high cholesterol.

“Ozempic Face” = Rapid Weight Loss Face

When fat loss occurs in the body, it occurs throughout the body and not in a specific area. This effect is not unique to Ozempic and can be seen with any significant weight loss, especially if it happens quickly. However, because Ozempic is so effective, the facial changes can be more pronounced and have led to the moniker “Ozempic face.” Facial fat changes are more noticeable once patients lose 25 to 30 pounds, but it varies based on the starting weight, height, and facial fat composition.

Fat pads in the face provide structure and volume to the face. Loss of the “youthful” fat creates hollowness around the eyes, cheeks, and temples. This skeletal and aged appearance occurs with normal aging as well. Other factors that increase the chances of developing these facial changes include older age (more common in middle-aged patients and older) and patients with less skin elasticity because of lifestyle (sun damage, smoking), genetics, or skin type. Fair-skinned patients tend to have thinner, less elastic skin and are more susceptible to showing signs of “Ozempic face.”

Can You Treat “Ozempic Face” or Reduce the Risk of It?

To manage the skin and facial changes that occur while taking Ozempic and other weight loss drugs, it is important to see your dermatologist or provider for soft tissue fillers. The ideal time to address facial volume loss is when the patient has achieved their weight loss target. Gradual tapering of weight loss medications can help avoid rebound weight gain once patients stop their medications.

  • Dermal fillers replace the volume loss and can create a fuller, more youthful face. There are several FDA-approved forms of fillers that can be injected into areas such as the cheeks, chin, temples, and under eye area. Seeing a licensed, experienced provider can reduce the risks from dermal fillers which include pain, tenderness, swelling, infection, migration of filler, and more significant complications such as vascular occlusion and tissue necrosis. To replace global facial volume loss, it can take a significant amount of filler. In addition to Hyaluronic Acid fillers (Restalyne, Juvederm), biostimulatory fillers such as poly-L-lactic acid (Sculptra) lead to prolonged effects from collagen production.
  • Skin hydration with medical-grade skin care can promote collagen production, improve skin elasticity, and reduce the appearance of wrinkles. Moisturizers with hyaluronic acid and retinoids can improve skin hydration and texture. Consider estrogen supplements for post-menopausal patients to decrease wrinkles and sagging skin.
  • Autologous fat grafting is a longer-term option that may be performed under location anesthesia.
  • Energy-based skin tightening treatments such as Radiofrequency microneedling, Ulthera, or Softwave are typically beneficial in younger patients with better skin elasticity.
  • Surgical treatment (browlift, blepharoplasty, partial or full facelift, and neck lift) may be needed to address loose skin in older patients or those with more significant facial sagging/aging.
  • Decrease risk of “Ozempic Face” by aiming for gradual weight loss (1-2 pounds per week) which gives the skin more time to adjust to changes. Work with your provider to ensure adequate nutrition – supplement with a multivitamin containing iron and Vitamin D and increase protein content to slow lean body mass loss and reduce the risk of hair loss due to telogen effluvium (hair shedding). Titrate the dose of the medication monthly or as needed. Fullness is felt almost immediately on GLP-1 agonists and most patients report decreased cravings. Increase strength training to maintain basal metabolic rate and lean body mass while on medication.

Conclusion

Obesity treatment and weight loss management are increasingly important today. New medications such as GLP-1 agonists and combination GIP/GLP-1 agonists are incredibly effective medications for the treatment of diabetes and people who are clinically obese. However, “off-label” use has been shown to improve numerous conditions associated with insulin resistance (PCOS), resolve prediabetes, and effectively produce weight loss. For providers who are prescribing these medications, it is important to properly counsel patients to manage their weight loss. Ongoing research, novel triple combination agonist drugs, and oral forms of these powerful weight loss medications offer exciting potential benefits to thousands of patients battling obesity. As with any medication, it is essential to weigh the benefits and potential side effects. Educating patients about potential side effects, including “Ozempic face” will help patients manage distressing changes and allow them to effectively lose weight while maintaining their skin health.

 

 

 

 

 

Further reading:

  1. https://www.americanboardcosmeticsurgery.org/procedure-learning-center/non-surgical/injectable-fillers-guide/
  2. Blackburn GL, Bistrian BR. Hair loss with rapid weight loss. Arch Dermatol. 1977;113(2):234.
  3. Kobren SD. Misuse of Ozempic for Rapid Weight Loss Can Cause Significant and Perhaps Permanent Hair Loss. Derm Times. May 14, 2023.
  4. Busko M. Does Ozempic Cause Hair Loss? Medscape Dermatology. May 25, 2023.
  5. https://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/992377?form=fpf
  6. https://www.msn.com/en-us/health/other/what-is-ozempic-face-4-doctors-explain-the-buzzword-and-the-misconceptions-behind-it/ar-BB1pTwCS
  7. https://www.today.com/health/ozempic-face-rcna67737
  8. Comparing Ozempic, Wegovy and Other GLP-1 Drugs – GoodRx [Internet]. [cited 2023 Apr 24]. https://www.goodrx.com/classes/glp-1-agonists/glp-1-drugs-comparison
  9. Tayag Y. Ozempic Is About to Be Old News [Internet]. The Atlantic. 2023 [cited 2023 Apr 22]. Available from: https://www.theatlantic.com/health/archive/2023/04/ozempic-wegovy-mounjaro-weight-loss-drug-development-access/673627/
  10. LaRose. U.S. Weight Loss Industry Grows to $90 Billion, Fueled by Obesity Drugs Demand. MarketResearch.com
  11. https://blog.marketresearch.com/u.s.-weight-loss-industry-grows-to-90-billion-fueled-by-obesity-drugs-demand
  12. Karam, J. Nathan. A Review of FDA-Approved Medications for Chronic Weight Management. Drug Tropics. Aug 5, 2021.
  13. https://www.drugtopics.com/view/a-review-of-fda-approved-medications-for-chronic-weight-management
  14. Obesity and overweight. CDC. Updated March 1, 2021. Accessed June 24, 2021. https://ww.cdc.gov/nchs/fastats/obesity-overweight.html
Dr. Koji Ota, Dr. Maral Skelsey

Welcome Dr. Koji Ota

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Dr. Koji Ota, Dr. Maral Skelsey

We are excited to announce that Dr. Koji Ota has joined our team! Dr. Ota is a board-certified dermatologist who emphasizes a holistic approach to patients and treats a wide range of skin, hair, and nail disorders such as acne, rosacea, and psoriasis. He has a special interest in skin cancer prevention, early detection and treatment.

Dr. Ota was chief resident at MedStar Washington Hospital Center/Georgetown University Hospital where he completed a dual residency in dermatology and internal medicine. He undertook a dermatology research fellowship at Weill Cornell Medical College as well as specialized training in pediatric dermatology at Children’s National Hospital. He is a published author and active member of the American Academy of Dermatology and the American Society of Dermatologic Surgery.

Dr. Ota’s rigorous interdisciplinary training continues our practice’s tradition of holistic patient care. We are very excited to have him join our team and share his expertise!

If you would like to schedule an appointment with Dr. Ota you can do so online by clicking here, or by calling the office at 301-652-8081. 

 

A recent interview with Dr Ota:

How did you end up at the Dermatologic Surgery Center of Washington?

During my residency surgery rotation, I trained with Dr. Skelsey in her office just a floor above where I was seeing patients at Georgetown’s dermatology clinic. I observed how patient-focused her practice was, with comprehensive exams and attentive care. When she later offered me a position, I was thrilled to join.

What made you decide to become a dermatologist?

I was drawn to dermatology during my third-year clinical rotations. The field’s diversity, treating patients of all ages and dealing with various pathologies, captivated me. From skin cancer surgeries to managing inflammatory disorders, the range of treatments kept me hooked.

What brings you the most satisfaction in your work?

Diagnosing and treating skin conditions that worry patients, like unexpected growths or mysterious rashes, is highly rewarding. Seeing visible improvements together with my patients brings a lot of satisfaction.

How can your expertise positively impact patients’ lives?

Successfully treating something so visible and common, like acne or psoriasis, can significantly change how patients perceive themselves. It’s incredibly fulfilling to improve not just their skin but also their self-confidence and how others see them.

How would your patients describe you?

My patients would likely say I’m thorough and patient-centered, ensuring no one feels rushed. I start each visit by asking their concerns while listening carefully. Oftentimes, patients will notice a certain growth that doesn’t seem right – and many times they are right. I carefully explain treatment options, making sure they leave confident about their next steps.

Are there any particular procedures/services that you specialize in?

I specialize in early detection and treatment of skin cancers and complex medical dermatology, thanks to my dual training in dermatology and internal medicine at Georgetown. Having completed two full residencies – dermatology and internal medicine – I consider the whole patient, including other health issues that might affect their skin.

What advice would you offer someone just starting out on their skincare journey?

Prevention is crucial. Use a broad-spectrum sunscreen and wear sun-protective clothing, and visit a dermatologist regularly. Early detection makes most skin cancers highly treatable.

What sets the Dermatologic Surgery Center of Washington apart from other dermatology practices?

I’m excited to join the practice with the most respected dermatologists in the area. We stay at the forefront of technology and treatment options, constantly updating our knowledge to offer the highest standard of care. The practice’s commitment to research and academic dermatology is also a major draw for me.

 

If you would like to schedule an appointment with Dr. Ota you can do so online by clicking here, or by calling the office at 301-652-8081. 

Summer Skin Rashes and How to Prevent Them

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summer skin rashes

By Kyleen Davis, FNP

Heading to the beach or another outdoor destination this month? Hidden among the enjoyment of gardening, hiking, and beach outings are potential hazards that can unexpectedly interfere with your summer enjoyment. Read on to learn how to prevent the most common summer skin afflictions.

Seabather’s Eruption and Swimmer’s Itch

Two common skin infestations that can develop in beachgoers are seabather’s eruption and swimmer’s itch. Seabather’s Eruption, also known as sea lice, develops when newly hatched jellyfish or sea anemones get trapped within the swimmer’s swimsuit, fins, or other gear. These barely visible larvae are already equipped with tiny stingers, causing an itchy rash that may burn with scratching or rubbing of the skin. The most common geographic locations for the development of seabather’s eruption are the waters off the Florida coastline, Long Island, New York, and the Caribbean Sea.

Swimmer’s itch, also called clam digger’s itch, occurs when parasites from the water burrow into areas of the skin not covered by a swimsuit. This can lead to intensely itchy hives and blisters. Briskly rubbing the skin with a towel after swimming in potentially infested waters may help to prevent this skin malady. Swimmers should also avoid prolonged contact with warmer, shallow waters where parasites are most abundant.

Rhus Dermatitis

Unfortunately, non-beachgoers also have their share of potential summer hazards. Hikers and gardeners may have their outdoor enjoyment limited by an itchy rash caused by poison ivy, oak, or sumac. The oil from these plants, called urushiol, induces a type of contact dermatitis, known as Rhus dermatitis. If you suspect you have touched a urushiol-containing plant, immediately wash that part of your skin with either rubbing alcohol, dish soap, or laundry detergent and rinse thoroughly with cool water. Avoid scrubbing the skin, which can further spread the plant oil. To improve chances of preventing this unpleasant rash, it is recommended to wash the skin within 10-20 minutes of coming in contact with poisonous plants. The old saying, “leaves of three, let it be!” can be helpful in recognizing which plants to avoid.

Phytophotodermatitis

A lesser-known plant-induced dermatitis, called phytophotodermatitis, is caused when certain plant compounds (furocoumarins) interact with light from the sun to induce a temporary skin change. Because lime juice is a common trigger of phytophotodermatitis, the condition has been nicknamed margarita burn, after bartenders developed the rash when making margarita beverages while in the sun. Any individuals coming in contact with citrus should wash their hands thoroughly before sun exposure. Other foods known to trigger this skin condition include carrots, grapefruit, figs, celery, and parsley.

Insect Bites

Outdoor enthusiasts may also find their summer fun interrupted by insect bites and stings. Not only do bug bites leave the skin feeling itchy and painful, but they may lead to serious disease and harm. Individuals who are allergic to wasps, bees, and hornets should keep emergency medications and antihistamines nearby in case of a sting. Bites from certain ticks can spread Lyme disease, a serious and potentially chronic illness if left untreated. Try to shower and change clothes immediately after being outdoors in woodsy or grassy areas and remember to check yourself and your family members for ticks. Itching caused by minor insect bites, like mosquitoes, can be treated with over-the-counter topical anti-itch medication, such as hydrocortisone.

Heat Rash

Summer weather can be seriously hot. The heat and sweat from the warmer weather can trigger a common skin rash known as prickly heat. When the sweat glands are unable to release heat, tiny itchy bumps erupt, leading to a prickly sensation on the skin. Cooling measures such as air conditioning, fans, and cool compresses can help prevent and treat this condition. Individuals should also wear loose, breathable clothing during the hot summer months.      

Sunburn

No summer skincare article would be complete without a section on preventing sunburn. In addition to causing significant pain and discomfort, sunburn can lead to potentially deadly skin cancers. Unfortunately, sunscreen may not be enough to prevent sunburn. Along with a broad-spectrum sunscreen of at least 30 or more, individuals should seek shade, wear a wide-brimmed hat, and put on sun-protective clothing when outdoors. Patients should be aware that certain medications, like antibiotics and antihypertensives, can increase the risk of sunburn and rash. New dietary supplements containing polypodium leucotomos extract may help mitigate damage caused by the sun when used concurrently with sun protective measures.

It is important to be mindful of the various conditions that individuals are susceptible to during the summer months, to allow them to fully enjoy the season while prioritizing skin care. Remember to schedule a medical visit for any skin eruption that appears serious or persistent.

 

 

 

References:

American Academy of Dermatology, 2024. 12 summer skin problems you can prevent. Available online at: https://www.aad.org/public/everyday-care/skin-care-secrets/routine/prevent-summer-skin-problems.

American Academy of Dermatology, 2024. Poison ivy, oak, and sumac: what should I do if I touch a plant? Available online at: https://www.aad.org/public/everyday-care/itchy-skin/poison-ivy/touch-plant.

Harvard Health Publishing, 2021. Common summer skin rashes. Available online at: https://www.health.harvard.edu/diseases-and-conditions/common-summer-skin-rashes.

Johns Hopkins Medicine, 2024. Common summer skin conditions: what you should know. Available online at: https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/wellness-and-prevention/common-summer-skin-conditions.

U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2022. Identifying poisonous plants. Available online at: https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/plants/identification.html.

newborn skin care tips

Newborn Skin Care Tips

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By, Caroline Glick, PA-C, MPH

As a new mom, I had a lot to learn about taking care of a newborn baby: everything from picking a car seat to feeding him was new to me. However, baby skin care was something that I knew a thing or two about! Hopefully, I can pass along some tips to help new parents with newborn skin care and make it more manageable during those early weeks and months.

Bathing

Baby skin care starts with bathing, which can be done two to three times per week. Start with sponge baths until the umbilical cord falls off. Once the umbilical cord falls off, bathe your newborn in a sink or a plastic tub filled with a small amount of water. Be sure to test the temperature of the water before bathing; it should be warm, but not too hot. Place the baby in the tub feet first while still holding him or her. Gently wash your baby with a mild soap and shampoo. Start with the baby’s head and then wash the rest of your baby’s body. Be sure to wash the creases, such as the baby’s neck, underarms, and diaper area. Dry your baby immediately with a towel to keep him or her warm. A fragrance-free moisturizer can be applied if your baby’s skin is dry.

Babies can frequently develop scaly, greasy patches on their scalp, known as cradle cap, or seborrheic dermatitis. It can be treated by washing the baby’s hair and scalp more frequently, such as every other day. Use fragrance-free shampoo or a shampoo that is specifically formulated for cradle cap. Do not scratch or pick at the scaly patches. Instead, the patches can be removed by applying baby oil to the scalp before shampooing and then massaging the scale away with your finger, a baby brush, or a comb.

Sun Protection

Sun protection is important for babies’ skin. Seeking shade, using sun-protective clothing, and dressing your baby in a wide-brimmed hat are essential. For babies younger than six months, sunscreen should be avoided (although minimal amounts can be applied if needed on sun-exposed areas). Sunscreens used on babies should be broad-spectrum with an SPF of 30 or above. Mineral sunscreens with titanium dioxide or zinc oxide are less irritating.

Nail Care

Another important part of baby care includes keeping their nails short so they avoid scratching themselves. Babies’ nails grow very quickly! Nail files are the best way to keep them from getting too long. I found that filing my baby’s nails while he is feeding is a good trick to keep him calm and distracted.

Changing Diapers

Diaper rash is a very common condition for infants. The best way to prevent it is to change diapers as soon as possible, even if wet, as moisture inflames the skin. Use unscented, alcohol-free baby wipes or a soft washcloth to wipe. Also, keep your baby diaper-free as much as you can to allow the skin to dry. If your baby has diaper rash, applying a thick layer of zinc oxide diaper cream will help protect the skin. The zinc oxide paste does not need to be removed between diaper changes.

Acne on Babies

Up to 20% of newborns can have acne on their face, scalp, back, or chest. Acne can develop between week two and week six. It generally goes away on its own and is nothing to worry about. Avoid putting acne medication or greasy skin care products on the baby’s skin. Instead, be very gentle and wash the skin with lukewarm water.

As I found out, learning how to care for a newborn is incredibly rewarding and challenging at the same time! Please reach out to us if you have questions or concerns.

 

 

 

References

How To Bathe Your Newborn.  American Academy of Dermatology (n.d.) https://www.aad.org/public/everyday-care/skin-care-basics/care/newborn-bathing

How To Care For Your Baby’s Skin, Hair, and Nails. American Academy of Dermatology (2021 October 25). https://www.aad.org/public/everyday-care/skin-care-basics/care/baby-care-skin-hair-nails

How To Treat Diaper Rash. American Academy of Dermatology (n.d.)  https://www.aad.org/public/everyday-care/itchy-skin/rash/treat-diaper-rash

Is That Acne On My Baby’s Face? American Academy of Dermatology (2023, September 12). https://www.aad.org/public/diseases/acne/really-acne/baby-acne.

Schleehauf, B. How To Treat Cradle Cap. American Academy of Dermatology (2022, August 17). https://www.aad.org/public/everyday-care/hair-scalp-care/scalp/treat-cradle-cap

Ten Tips for Clear Skin this Summer

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As much as we look forward to summer, it can be a tough season for acne sufferers as many people find that acne flares during the warmer months.

Acne develops when the pores in the skin become blocked by a combination of sebum, or oil, and dead skin cells. This allows the bacteria that normally lives on the surface of the skin to multiply within the plugged follicle, leading to inflammation and irritation. Our pores react to heat and humidity by expanding and releasing more oil and sweat, creating the ideal environment for acne flares.

With the plethora of information surrounding acne and the never-ending battle to keep it at bay, you might find yourself lost in a sea of conflicting information on how to best take care of your skin.

Here are 10 tips to help you achieve clear skin this summer

      1. Keep your skin clean by using a gentle cleanser twice a day! This can help fight against the bacterial component of acne and by using gentle cleanser, you are preventing any further inflammation and drying out of the skin. Wash your face when you wake up, before you go to bed, and when you finish an activity that makes you sweat.
      2. Avoid scrubbing the face too much! I know we said to wash the face, but scrubbing aggressively can rupture existing acne lesions, causing the bacteria it contains to spread. Use your fingers to apply cleanser, as a sponge or washcloth can also cause irritation.
      3. Shampoo your hair regularly! What does washing your hair have to do with acne? Cleaning the hair regularly can help fight against oil developing in the hair that can transfer to your face and cause clogged pores.
      4. Avoid touching the face as much as possible! This can also transfer oils onto the skin, further clogging pores and creating acne.
      5. Avoid picking and popping current acne blemishes! This can introduce more bacteria and cause acne to take longer to heal. Plus, it increases your risk of scarring and post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation or darkening of the skin.
      6. Avoid sun exposure! The sun can promote the darkening of existing acne spots. Even worse, the UV exposure from tanning can increase your risk of skin cancer and signs of photodamage in the future. Make sure to use sunscreen with an SPF 30 that is labeled “broad spectrum.” Reapply after swimming or perspiring!
      7. Use oil-free sunscreens and moisturizers! Even on cloudy days, UV rays are able to penetrate through the clouds, so always make sure you are protected. Using oil-free, non-comedogenic sunscreens can help prevent pore obstruction and provide much-needed protection.
      8. Wash caps and hats frequently. Wearing a baseball cap or anything else on your head without washing it (or dry cleaning) allows sweat, dirt, and oil to accumulate. This can cause acne to flare.
      9. Change your sheets and pillowcases at least once a week! Sheets and pillowcases can collect oil and dead skin cells throughout the week, leading to more clogged pores and acne.
      10. Avoid wiping away your sweat! Whether it’s the DC humidity or your favorite workout that has you sweating, rubbing your sweat with a towel can lead to a condition coined “acne mechanica” in which the friction and compression of the skin traps heat and sweat, leading to irritation and worsening acne. Instead, try using a clean towel to blot sweat away from your skin, and make sure to wear loose-fitting clothing while working out!

Adopting these habits in combination with a regimen of topical and or oral medications prescribed just for you can allow you to achieve clear skin and a great summer!

 

 

 

 

 

Sources

Clinic, Cleveland. “Why Is Acne Worse in the Summer?” Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland Clinic, 30 July 2021, health.clevelandclinic.org/why-does-my-acne-get-worse-in-the-summer.

Garrick, Nancy. “Acne.” National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, 1 Sept. 2016, https://www.niams.nih.gov/health-topics/acne

Lockett, Eleesha. “Acne Mechanica: Causes, Treatment, and Prevention.” Healthline, 30 Sept. 2020, www.healthline.com/health/acne-mechanica#pictures. Accessed 12 May 2024.

Ludmann, Paula, and Brooke Schleehauf. “Acne: Tips for Managing.” Www.aad.org, 16 Nov. 2022, www.aad.org/public/diseases/acne/skin-care/tips.

Zaenglein, AL, Pathy AL, et al. “Guidelines of care for the management

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