Tag Archive for: skincare

Can a DNA Test Tell What Skincare You Need?

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by Dr. Koji Ota

There has been an increase in the availability and popularity of DNA tests aimed to provide personalized insight into one’s health, including one’s skin. This post is an introduction to what a DNA test can and cannot tell you about your skin and how you can incorporate information obtained from these tests to help you build a personalized skincare routine.

DNA Results

A DNA test can reveal insights into some genetic predispositions that may influence your skin. For instance, variants in the filaggrin (FLG) gene can indicate skin barrier dysfunction that leads to more eczema-prone skin. MC1R variants affect skin and hair pigmentation, which affects UV sensitivity and even skin cancer risks. DNA tests can also test for genes thought to play a role in skin aging, skin structure, and antioxidant defenses, providing some insight into an individual’s skin characteristics.

However, information obtained from a genetic test alone is not enough to determine a person’s skincare needs. It does not take into account other factors which can be just as, if not more important, than information obtained from a genetic test.

Other Factors to Consider

External factors such as the environment (UV, humidity) or behavior (smoking, topical regimens) greatly impact your skin. For example, people who live in a dry, cold climate will need to focus on maintaining a healthy skin barrier through proper moisturization. There are many factors that play a role in various skin conditions, such as the skin microbiome in acne and rosacea.

Additionally, DNA tests offer skin care suggestions with limited regulation and clinical validation. A recent study showed that genetic tests may lead to high false positive rates, as well as misclassification of common benign genetic variants as “high risk.”

So how can you incorporate these DNA tests into your skin care regimen?

One can use these tests as a data point: if you have an MC1R gene variant that conveys a higher risk of UV damage, you may want to prioritize sun protection.

However, genetic testing is not meant to be a standalone guideline. A true personalized skin care routine will take your lifestyle and environment into account. A board-certified dermatologist can incorporate all these data points to help you come up with a safe and effective skincare routine.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

References

Palmer CNA, Irvine AD, Terron-Kwiatkowski A, et al. Common loss-of-function variants of the epidermal barrier protein filaggrin are a major predisposing factor for atopic dermatitis. Nat Genet. 2006;38(4):441–446. doi:10.1038/ng1767

Sturm RA. Molecular genetics of human pigmentation diversity. Hum Mol Genet. 2009;18(R1):R9–R17. doi:10.1093/hmg/ddp006 (discussion of MC1R and UV sensitivity/pigmentation)

Rittié L, Fisher GJ. UV-light-induced signal cascades and skin aging. Ageing Res Rev. 2002;1(4):705–720. doi:10.1016/S1568-1637(02)00045-6 (collagen, MMPs, photoaging)

Briganti S, Picardo M. Antioxidant activity, lipid peroxidation and skin diseases. What’s new. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2003;17(6):663–669. doi:10.1046/j.1468-3083.2003.00867.x (oxidative stress, antioxidant defense genes)

Grice EA, Segre JA. The skin microbiome. Nat Rev Microbiol. 2011;9(4):244–253. doi:10.1038/nrmicro2537 (role of microbiome in acne, barrier/skin health)

Manolio TA, Collins FS, Cox NJ, et al. Finding the missing heritability of complex diseases. Nature. 2009;461(7265):747–753. doi:10.1038/nature08494 (small effect sizes of common variants; relevance to polygenic traits)

Duffy DC, Ritchie H, Beecham R. Direct-to-consumer genetic testing: a systematic review of health-related information accuracy and implications. J Med Genet. 2018;55(9):610–616. doi:10.1136/jmedgenet-2017-104740 (limitations and variable clinical validity of DTC tests)

Ethical concerns of direct-to-consumer genetic testing.  Ferreira, Alana et al. Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology, Volume 90, Issue 5, 1117 – 1118

Eco-Friendly Skin Care: What Does ‘Clean’ Really Mean?

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By: Caroline Glick, PA-C, MPH

Skin care products can be confusing. Labels such as ‘organic,’ ‘vegan,’ ‘cruelty-free,’ ‘hypoallergenic,’ ‘fragrance-free,’ ‘eco-friendly,’ and ‘clean’ are all common marketing tools. But the lack of standardization within the skin care industry makes it difficult for shoppers to know exactly what they are buying.

There can be discrepancies between marketing claims and the actual ingredients in a product. For example, one study examining the top 100 body moisturizers sold at three major retailers in the United States found that 45% of the moisturizers labeled as ‘fragrance-free’ actually had botanical fragrance ingredients (Wang et al., 2025). Botanical fragrance ingredients can potentially cause an allergic reaction on the skin. ‘Fragrance-free’ and ‘unscented’ are terms often used interchangeably. However, ‘unscented’ products can have fragrance-masking chemicals to neutralize fragrance.

Similarly, the term ‘natural’ may evoke feelings of non-toxicity, but a study showed that 121 cosmetic ingredients marketed as ‘natural’ can actually be associated with possible adverse skin reactions, such as allergic contact dermatitis (Wang et al., 2025).

Another problem is that many of these labels are unregulated marketing terms. There is no official certification for ‘clean’ skin care. ‘Clean’ skin care products are defined by the brand or manufacturer of a skin care product. They choose what products are considered ‘clean’ based on the ingredients used.

Other terms, including ‘organic,’ ‘vegan,’ ‘cruelty-free,’ ‘hypoallergenic,’ and ‘eco-friendly,’ can be similarly confusing.

‘Organic’ skin care products are certified by the USDA or private certifying organizations, but those organizations use different standards and definitions for the term. It is not uniform across the board.

‘Vegan’ skin care is made without animal products. Private organizations certify ‘vegan’ products, but they depend on brands to accurately report the ingredients they use.

‘Cruelty-free’ brands do not participate in animal testing when developing their products. However, definitions of ‘cruelty-free’ vary. For example, a final product may not be tested on animals, but the individual ingredients within the product may potentially have been tested on animals.

‘Hypoallergenic’ is defined as a product that is less likely to cause allergic reactions. However, there is no standard criteria for ‘hypoallergenic.’ In fact, 83% of top-selling products labeled as ‘hypoallergenic’ had at least one known allergen from the standard allergen series of the North American Contact Dermatitis Group (Wang et al., 2025).

‘Eco-friendly’ skin care is supposed to minimize harm to the environment. ‘Eco-friendly’ skin care generally emphasizes reducing waste, supporting ethical sourcing, and creating formulas that are biodegradable and non-toxic. Many ‘eco-friendly’ brands use minimal packaging or recyclable packaging. However, like many of these marketing terms, these ‘eco-friendly’ products are defined by the brand or manufacturer.

The terms ‘vegan,’ ‘organic,’ ‘cruelty-free,’ ‘hypoallergenic,’ ‘fragrance-free,’ ‘eco-friendly,’ and ‘clean’ often evoke images of pure, untainted products with no harmful chemicals or synthetic ingredients. However, the classification of these products can vary significantly between brands and even within the industry itself.

Reliable resources to help shoppers navigate the confusing marketing landscape of skin care products include the Cosmetic Ingredient Review or Contact Dermatitis Institute Allergen Database (Urban et al., 2022). Please schedule an appointment with your board-certified dermatologic provider for any questions you may have. We are able to create a personalized recommendation of products that are best for your specific skin.

 

 

 

 

 

 

Sources

Cabana, E. (2020, September 10). Skincare ingredients: What does “clean” mean? Aesthetic Authority, 1(3). https://www.dermatologytimes.com/view/skincare-ingredients-what-does-clean-mean

ElBoghdady, D. (2020, March 11). ‘Clean’ beauty has taken over the cosmetics industry, but that’s about all anyone agrees on. The Washington Post. https://www.washingtonpost.com/lifestyle/wellness/clean-beauty-has-taken-over-the-cosmetics-industry-but-thats-about-all-anyone-agrees-on/2020/03/09/2ecfe10e-59b3-11ea-ab68-101ecfec2532_story.html 

Gillette, H. (2025, April 8). The Truth Behind ‘Clean Beauty’ and Skin Health. Healthline. https://www.healthline.com/health/the-truth-behind-clean-beauty-and-skin-health

Rubin, C. B., & Brod, B. (2019). Natural does not mean safe—the dirt on clean beauty products. JAMA Dermatology, 155(12), 1344–1345. https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamadermatology/fullarticle/2751513

Urban, K., Giesey, R. L., & Delost, G. R. (2022). A guide to informed skincare: The meaning of clean, natural, organic, vegan, and cruelty-free. Journal of Drugs in Dermatology, 21(9), 1012. https://jddonline.com/articles/a-guide-to-informed-skincare-the-meaning-of-clean-natural-organic-vegan-and-cruelty-free-S1545961622P1012X

Wang, O. J. (Emilie), Shojaei, D., & Liu, C. (2025, July 14). “Clean Beauty” in Dermatology: A scoping review. Practical Dermatology. https://practicaldermatology.com/issues/july-2025/clean-beauty/36492/

Taking Control of Your Skin Care Routine

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By Koji Ota, MD

If you don’t have a daily skin care routine, it can feel overwhelming to start one. -There is a dizzying amount of information and recommendations, whether it be from skin care brands advertising their products or a TikTok influencer raving about the newest skin care hack. Contrary to some recommendations, you don’t need 12 steps or to break the bank to have an effective skin care routine. Here are some recommendations to get you started:

Basic Skin Care Routine

A basic skin care routine starts with a gentle cleanser, moisturizer, and sunscreen.

  • Cleanser is the important first step in a skin care regimen to clean the oil, dirt, sweat, make-up, and pollutants that accumulate on your skin throughout the day. This helps prevent clogged pores and breakouts, as well as prepare your skin for other skin care products to penetrate properly into your skin. Generally, you should select a gentle cleanser that will not overly strip your skin of moisture and oil that can lead to dryness and irritation.

Some cleansers can contain ingredients that address specific skincare problems, such as benzoyl peroxide or salicylic acid to treat acne, or some with chemical exfoliants such as glycolic acid that can help reveal a brighter complexion and correct an uneven skin tone. It’s important not to overuse these products as they can lead to irritation of the skin.

  • A facial moisturizer should be applied every day to keep your skin hydrated. Dry skin can lead to flaking, and redness, and make it more prone to irritation. A moisturizer should be selected based on your skin type. For anyone with dry skin, or during dry and colder months, a thicker, more hydrating moisturizer may be needed to keep your skin adequately hydrated.
  • Sunscreen is one of the most important steps in a skin care routine. Anytime you plan to be outside during the day, you should apply sunscreen with SPF 30 or higher. This will protect your skin from the sun’s harmful ultraviolet rays which lead to accelerated skin aging and increased risk of skin cancer.

 

Next Steps

Once you have the basics down, you can consider adding more products that contain active ingredients to address your specific concerns. Next, we will review vitamin C and retinoids.

  • Vitamin C is a potent antioxidant that can protect the skin against environmental factors including sun damage and pollution. When used consistently, it can help reduce the appearance of dark spots on your skin, improve skin complexion, and help slow skin aging.

There are many formulations of vitamin C including creams and serums. Some formulations may cause irritation and lead to breakouts, so it’s important to select the products based on your specific skin type. Vitamin C should generally be applied in the morning, after cleansing and before sunscreen.

  • Retinoids are a group of Vitamin A-derived chemicals that have a wide range of uses in dermatology. They are one of the most effective types of products to improve acne, fine lines and wrinkles, even skin tone, and correct dark spots.

Retinoids can vary from over-the-counter retinols to prescription medications, most often prescribed to treat acne. They should generally be used at night, after cleansing and before application of moisturizers.

It is important to note that retinoids can be drying and irritating to the skin, so you should only apply a pea-sized amount to your whole face, and to start slow; for example I generally advise my patients to start using retinoids once every other day for a couple of weeks and increasing frequency to every night if you are not having irritation. One strategy that helps reduce the irritation of retinoids is to do a “moisturizer sandwich,” where you apply a layer of moisturizer before the retinoid, followed by another layer of moisturizer after the retinoid. Retinoids should not be used by anyone that is pregnant or is actively trying to conceive.

If you have any specific questions or concerns about building a skin care routine, or if you have a skin condition, talk to a dermatologist who can help you build a skin care routine that is tailored to your specific skin needs.

 

 

 

 

 

References

Al-Niaimi F, Chiang NYZ. Topical Vitamin C and the Skin: Mechanisms of Action and Clinical Applications. J Clin Aesthet Dermatol. 2017 Jul;10(7):14-17. Epub 2017 Jul 1. PMID: 29104718; PMCID: PMC5605218.

Farris P. SUPPLEMENT ARTICLE: Retinol: The Ideal Retinoid for Cosmetic Solutions. J Drugs Dermatol. 2022 Jul 1;21(7):s4-s10. doi: 10.36849/JDD.SO722. PMID: 35816071.

Ludman, P. Dermatologist-recommended Skin Care for your 20s. American Academy of Dermatology. Accessed 2/16/2025. https://www.aad.org/public/everyday-care/skin-care-basics/care/skin-care-in-your-20s

Skin Care In Your 40s and 50s. American Academy of Dermatology. Accessed 2/16/2025 https://www.aad.org/public/everyday-care/skin-care-basics/care/skin-care-in-your-40s-and-50s

newborn skin care tips

Newborn Skin Care Tips

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By, Caroline Glick, PA-C, MPH

As a new mom, I had a lot to learn about taking care of a newborn baby: everything from picking a car seat to feeding him was new to me. However, baby skin care was something that I knew a thing or two about! Hopefully, I can pass along some tips to help new parents with newborn skin care and make it more manageable during those early weeks and months.

Bathing

Baby skin care starts with bathing, which can be done two to three times per week. Start with sponge baths until the umbilical cord falls off. Once the umbilical cord falls off, bathe your newborn in a sink or a plastic tub filled with a small amount of water. Be sure to test the temperature of the water before bathing; it should be warm, but not too hot. Place the baby in the tub feet first while still holding him or her. Gently wash your baby with a mild soap and shampoo. Start with the baby’s head and then wash the rest of your baby’s body. Be sure to wash the creases, such as the baby’s neck, underarms, and diaper area. Dry your baby immediately with a towel to keep him or her warm. A fragrance-free moisturizer can be applied if your baby’s skin is dry.

Babies can frequently develop scaly, greasy patches on their scalp, known as cradle cap, or seborrheic dermatitis. It can be treated by washing the baby’s hair and scalp more frequently, such as every other day. Use fragrance-free shampoo or a shampoo that is specifically formulated for cradle cap. Do not scratch or pick at the scaly patches. Instead, the patches can be removed by applying baby oil to the scalp before shampooing and then massaging the scale away with your finger, a baby brush, or a comb.

Sun Protection

Sun protection is important for babies’ skin. Seeking shade, using sun-protective clothing, and dressing your baby in a wide-brimmed hat are essential. For babies younger than six months, sunscreen should be avoided (although minimal amounts can be applied if needed on sun-exposed areas). Sunscreens used on babies should be broad-spectrum with an SPF of 30 or above. Mineral sunscreens with titanium dioxide or zinc oxide are less irritating.

Nail Care

Another important part of baby care includes keeping their nails short so they avoid scratching themselves. Babies’ nails grow very quickly! Nail files are the best way to keep them from getting too long. I found that filing my baby’s nails while he is feeding is a good trick to keep him calm and distracted.

Changing Diapers

Diaper rash is a very common condition for infants. The best way to prevent it is to change diapers as soon as possible, even if wet, as moisture inflames the skin. Use unscented, alcohol-free baby wipes or a soft washcloth to wipe. Also, keep your baby diaper-free as much as you can to allow the skin to dry. If your baby has diaper rash, applying a thick layer of zinc oxide diaper cream will help protect the skin. The zinc oxide paste does not need to be removed between diaper changes.

Acne on Babies

Up to 20% of newborns can have acne on their face, scalp, back, or chest. Acne can develop between week two and week six. It generally goes away on its own and is nothing to worry about. Avoid putting acne medication or greasy skin care products on the baby’s skin. Instead, be very gentle and wash the skin with lukewarm water.

As I found out, learning how to care for a newborn is incredibly rewarding and challenging at the same time! Please reach out to us if you have questions or concerns.

 

 

 

References

How To Bathe Your Newborn.  American Academy of Dermatology (n.d.) https://www.aad.org/public/everyday-care/skin-care-basics/care/newborn-bathing

How To Care For Your Baby’s Skin, Hair, and Nails. American Academy of Dermatology (2021 October 25). https://www.aad.org/public/everyday-care/skin-care-basics/care/baby-care-skin-hair-nails

How To Treat Diaper Rash. American Academy of Dermatology (n.d.)  https://www.aad.org/public/everyday-care/itchy-skin/rash/treat-diaper-rash

Is That Acne On My Baby’s Face? American Academy of Dermatology (2023, September 12). https://www.aad.org/public/diseases/acne/really-acne/baby-acne.

Schleehauf, B. How To Treat Cradle Cap. American Academy of Dermatology (2022, August 17). https://www.aad.org/public/everyday-care/hair-scalp-care/scalp/treat-cradle-cap

Ten Tips for Clear Skin this Summer

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As much as we look forward to summer, it can be a tough season for acne sufferers as many people find that acne flares during the warmer months.

Acne develops when the pores in the skin become blocked by a combination of sebum, or oil, and dead skin cells. This allows the bacteria that normally lives on the surface of the skin to multiply within the plugged follicle, leading to inflammation and irritation. Our pores react to heat and humidity by expanding and releasing more oil and sweat, creating the ideal environment for acne flares.

With the plethora of information surrounding acne and the never-ending battle to keep it at bay, you might find yourself lost in a sea of conflicting information on how to best take care of your skin.

Here are 10 tips to help you achieve clear skin this summer

      1. Keep your skin clean by using a gentle cleanser twice a day! This can help fight against the bacterial component of acne and by using gentle cleanser, you are preventing any further inflammation and drying out of the skin. Wash your face when you wake up, before you go to bed, and when you finish an activity that makes you sweat.
      2. Avoid scrubbing the face too much! I know we said to wash the face, but scrubbing aggressively can rupture existing acne lesions, causing the bacteria it contains to spread. Use your fingers to apply cleanser, as a sponge or washcloth can also cause irritation.
      3. Shampoo your hair regularly! What does washing your hair have to do with acne? Cleaning the hair regularly can help fight against oil developing in the hair that can transfer to your face and cause clogged pores.
      4. Avoid touching the face as much as possible! This can also transfer oils onto the skin, further clogging pores and creating acne.
      5. Avoid picking and popping current acne blemishes! This can introduce more bacteria and cause acne to take longer to heal. Plus, it increases your risk of scarring and post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation or darkening of the skin.
      6. Avoid sun exposure! The sun can promote the darkening of existing acne spots. Even worse, the UV exposure from tanning can increase your risk of skin cancer and signs of photodamage in the future. Make sure to use sunscreen with an SPF 30 that is labeled “broad spectrum.” Reapply after swimming or perspiring!
      7. Use oil-free sunscreens and moisturizers! Even on cloudy days, UV rays are able to penetrate through the clouds, so always make sure you are protected. Using oil-free, non-comedogenic sunscreens can help prevent pore obstruction and provide much-needed protection.
      8. Wash caps and hats frequently. Wearing a baseball cap or anything else on your head without washing it (or dry cleaning) allows sweat, dirt, and oil to accumulate. This can cause acne to flare.
      9. Change your sheets and pillowcases at least once a week! Sheets and pillowcases can collect oil and dead skin cells throughout the week, leading to more clogged pores and acne.
      10. Avoid wiping away your sweat! Whether it’s the DC humidity or your favorite workout that has you sweating, rubbing your sweat with a towel can lead to a condition coined “acne mechanica” in which the friction and compression of the skin traps heat and sweat, leading to irritation and worsening acne. Instead, try using a clean towel to blot sweat away from your skin, and make sure to wear loose-fitting clothing while working out!

Adopting these habits in combination with a regimen of topical and or oral medications prescribed just for you can allow you to achieve clear skin and a great summer!

 

 

 

 

 

Sources

Clinic, Cleveland. “Why Is Acne Worse in the Summer?” Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland Clinic, 30 July 2021, health.clevelandclinic.org/why-does-my-acne-get-worse-in-the-summer.

Garrick, Nancy. “Acne.” National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, 1 Sept. 2016, https://www.niams.nih.gov/health-topics/acne

Lockett, Eleesha. “Acne Mechanica: Causes, Treatment, and Prevention.” Healthline, 30 Sept. 2020, www.healthline.com/health/acne-mechanica#pictures. Accessed 12 May 2024.

Ludmann, Paula, and Brooke Schleehauf. “Acne: Tips for Managing.” Www.aad.org, 16 Nov. 2022, www.aad.org/public/diseases/acne/skin-care/tips.

Zaenglein, AL, Pathy AL, et al. “Guidelines of care for the management

Seasonal Affective Disorder and Your Skin: Understanding the Connection

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By Elena Hardy Allbritton, MD

As the temperature drops and the days grow shorter, some people experience a dip in their mood, energy levels, and overall sense of well-being. This phenomenon is commonly referred to as Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD). While SAD is primarily associated with mood changes, it can also have surprising effects on your skin. In this blog post, we will explore the relationship between Seasonal Affective Disorder and your skin, and offer some healthy ways to combat its effect including some strategies to help you maintain healthy skin during the winter months.

What is Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD)?

Seasonal Affective Disorder is a form of depression sometimes referred to as “winter depression” because it typically occurs during the fall and winter months when daylight hours are shorter. Women are more commonly affected than men and it typically manifests in younger adults age 18-35. It impacts about 5% of adults or roughly 10 million people in the USA annually.

The decrease in daylight hours is believed to cause a disturbance in the circadian rhythms of the body, which regulates sleep, mood, and other physiological processes. Researchers believe that people with SAD have reduced activity of a brain neurotransmitter called serotonin, which helps regulate mood. Other findings suggest that the overproduction of melatonin, a hormone that is crucial for maintaining normal sleep-wake cycles contributes to the increased sleepiness in patients with SAD. A third factor is lower levels of vitamin D in patients with SAD. Vitamin D and vitamin D responsive elements are found in higher concentrations in the hypothalamus, a region of the brain that contains the circadian rhythm circuitry.

Symptoms of Seasonal Affective Disorder

The most common symptoms of SAD include fatigue, changes in appetite, craving carbohydrate-rich food, weight gain or loss, irritability, difficulty concentrating, and lack of interest in usual activities. However, SAD can also impact your skin in various ways.

Effects of SAD on the Skin:
  1. Dry Skin: During the winter months, low humidity levels and indoor heating systems can lead to dry, flaky, itchy skin. Individuals with SAD may be more prone to dry skin due to hereditary factors and their ability to retain moisture.
  2. Eczema and Psoriasis Flares: SAD can trigger or exacerbate some skin conditions such as eczema and psoriasis. Stress, which is often linked to SAD, can weaken the immune system and lead to flare-ups of these conditions which can further worsen the psychosocial impact of SAD. Patients with psoriasis sometimes experience seasonal depression similar to patients with SAD.
  3. Reduced Collagen Production/Premature Aging: Some Vitamin D is derived from our diets however most vitamin D is produced in the skin when it is exposed to sunlight. Vitamin D is important for the immune system, helps boost serotonin activity, and plays an important role in collagen production. Vitamin D levels in the central nervous system affect the production of serotonin and dopamine, an important neurotransmitter for memory, sense of pleasure/reward, and motivation. Collagen along with Elastin is a key factor responsible for maintaining the skin’s elasticity and preventing premature aging. Individuals with SAD may have lower vitamin D levels which in turn impacts their skin’s overall health and appearance.
  4. Acne: SAD-induced stress can lead to hormonal imbalances and increased sebum production, which may increase the likelihood of acne breakouts.

Coping Strategies for Healthy Skin for People with SAD:

  • Get Adequate Sunlight: Yes, your Dermatologist approves some healthy exposure to natural sunlight, especially for those affected by SAD. While it may be more challenging when the temperatures plummet, try to spend some time outdoors during the daylight hours. Early morning activities in the natural sunlight are preferable to exposure between 10am and 2pm. Even brief exposure such as 20 minutes daily can boost your mood and help your skin get the essential vitamin D that it needs.
  • Use Artificial Light Therapy: Using a lightbox to emulate exposure to natural sunlight can alleviate SAD symptoms in just a few days. The gold standard for light therapy is bright white light (color temperature of 5,000 – 10,000 lux). This type of light helps regulate the body’s internal clock. Red LED light therapy, also known as photobiomodulation or low-level laser therapy, has shown promise in the treatment of various conditions, but its role in addressing SAD is still being debated. Red LED light might positively impact people with SAD by having a positive impact on mood and reducing stress. Red light exposure in the evening may help regulate circadian rhythms by influencing melatonin production.
  • Moisturize: Combat dry skin with a good-quality moisturizer containing ceramides to repair the lipid barrier of the skin and hyaluronic acid to help retain moisture in the skin. Hyaluronic acid also helps promote collagen production.
  • Manage Stress: Stress causes elevated cortisol (“fight-or-flight hormone”) and can weaken the immune system. Finding effective stress management techniques, such as meditation, deep breathing exercises, yoga, hiking outdoors, socializing with others, and talking with a therapist or friend can help reduce the negative impact of stress on your skin.
  • Stay Hydrated: Drinking adequate water is crucial for maintaining overall skin health. Hydration from the inside out can help fight dryness and keep the skin more supple.
  • Eat a Balanced Nutrient-Rich Diet: Vitamins A, C, and D are important for collagen production. Foods rich in antioxidants (berries, citrus fruits, and broccoli) and tryptophan (turkey, bananas) can help alleviate some symptoms.
  • Use Sunscreen: Even on cloudy winter days, UV rays can still harm your skin. Protect yourself when spending time outdoors by applying sunscreen with at least SPF 30. Mineral sunscreens containing zinc or titanium oxide offer more broad spectrum protection against damaging UVA and UVB rays.
  • Seek Professional Help: If your skin conditions worsen during the winter months and it is affecting your quality of life, consult your dermatologist. We can provide targeted advice, customized skin regimens, and treatments for your skin issues.

Grassroots Health Nutrient Research Institute

Conclusion

Seasonal Affective Disorder can have a surprising impact on your skin, from dryness and eczema flare-ups to reduced collagen production and premature aging. To combat these effects, it is important to take steps to care for your skin and your overall wellness during the winter months.

By managing stress, maintaining good skincare habits, and seeking professional help when necessary, you can keep your skin healthy and radiant even in the darkest of seasons. Some people may find that changing geographical locations to be closer to the equator is necessary, however, most people can find relief by adopting certain changes. Remember that your skin is not just an external reflection of your health; it can also be an indicator of your emotional well-being.

 

Resources for Further Reading

American Academy of Dermatology: https://www.aad.org/

National Institute of Mental Health – Seasonal Affective Disorder: https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/topics/seasonal-affective-disorder/index.shtml

 

 

Sources

12 notable seasonal Affective disorder statistics. HRF. September 4, 2014. Accessed October 30, 2023. https://healthresearchfunding.org/seasonal-affective-disorder-statistics/.

Seasonal affective disorder: Symptoms, causes, diagnosis and treatments. Msn.com. Accessed October 29, 2023. https://www.msn.com/en-us/health/condition/Seasonal-affective-disorder/hp-Seasonal-affective-disorder?source=conditioncdx.

Seasonal Affective Disorder. National Institute of Mental Health. NIH Publication No. 20-MH-8138. https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/publications/seasonal-affective-disorder.

Stewart, Alan E et al. “Possible contributions of skin pigmentation and vitamin D in a polyfactorial model of seasonal affective disorder.” Medical hypotheses vol. 83,5 (2014): 517-25. doi:10.1016/j.mehy.2014.09.010

Seasonal affective disorder. Mayo Clinic. December 14 2021. https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/seasonal-affective-disorder/symptoms-causes/syc-20364651

How is vitamin D made by the sun different from vitamin D in supplements? Grassroots Health Nutrient Research Institute. May 8 2023. https://www.grassrootshealth.net/blog/vitamin-d-made-sun-different-vitamin-d-supplements/

face mask skin care tips

Wearing a Mask and Caring for Your Face

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While taking walks in Chevy Chase and Georgetown these days, I see most people wearing a face covering.  It is reassuring, as wearing a mask is critical to keeping your family, friends, co-workers and yourself safe from coronavirus. With long-term wear, however, masks can sometimes cause or exacerbate painful and troubling skin conditions. In the past few months, we have seen a significant increase in:

  1. “Mask-ne,” or an acne breakout in the area under and around the mask,
  2. Dry, itchy skin in the same areas on the face,
  3. Redness and pain behind the ears, from the mask straps.

Since there is no question wearing a mask is the right thing to do, here are some tips on how you can manage these conditions while continuing to keep yourself covered.

START CLEAN – washing your face

Masks retain dirt and oil on the skin, so cleaning your face (and your mask) properly before you put one on is even more important.

  • If you suffer from acne, use a non-comedogenic cleanser (one formulated so as not to cause blocked pores) twice a day. Also, use a gel moisturizer and oil-free make-up.
  • Stop using make-up entirely until your skin heals, if you can.
  • For irritated or dry skin use a gentle cleanser.
CHOOSE THE RIGHT SKIN PRODUCTS – moisturize and mitigate irritation
  • Choose products that are fragrance-free.
  • Look for moisturizers containing ceramides, hyaluronic acid or dimethicone.
  • For acne, use a gel, non-comedogenic moisturizer.
  • If you must wear make-up and you have acne, use oil-free, mineral-based products.
  • If your skin is dry or irritated, stop using retinoids, glycolic acids, salicylic masks, peels and scrubs.
  • If your ears are telling you they need a break, try moisturizing behind them to ease redness and discomfort from the mask straps.
MASK TYPES AND ROUTINE – Not all masks are alike

What a mask is made of and how you wear it has an impact on your skin.

  • Wear a mask made of natural breathable cotton fabric. Avoid synthetic nylon, polyester or rayon that can irritate and cause breakouts.
  • Make sure your mask is snug at the edges, but not too tight on your face. A mask that moves around a lot can abrade your skin surface and exacerbate inflammation. Plus, it is more likely you’ll touch your face to adjust it.
  • Rotate wearing different strap types and ear loops in order to cause less irritation behind the ears.
  • Purchase masks with long straps, or strap extenders, that wrap about the back of your head so that the strap does not rest on sensitive skin behind the ears.
  • Take a mask break for 15 minutes every 4 hours when you are in a safe environment such as alone in your car or outdoors six feet away from people.
CARE FOR YOUR MASK, TOO

It is important to regularly clean your mask, so that it is as inoffensive to your skin as it can be.

  • Wash a cloth mask daily in hot, soapy water, and rinse well, unless otherwise specified.
  • When washing cloth masks, use fragrance-free, hypoallergenic soap or mild laundry detergent and skip the fabric softener.
  • If you do not hang your mask to dry, avoid scented dryer sheets as these frequently cause itchy, inflamed skin.
  • If you are using a disposable surgical-type mask, how often you should start a new one depends on how much you use it, if you wear makeup and your specific skin condition. If it is visibly dirty, it is time for a new one.

For DIY help, our online store contains products that will allow you to care for your face during this unique time (mohs-md.square.site).  If your mask-related skin problem does not resolve after a few weeks, prescription medication may help. Call our office to make an appointment.

3d illustration of a woman before and after acne treatment proce

Coping with Stress and Treating Acne

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By Cynthia H. Cameron, NP

Everyone is cooped up at home listening to dire news reports with limited access to many of the activities that help us reduce stress. There are no organized sports for teenagers, no going to the movies with friends, nor trips to the gym. Anxiety is a normal reaction to the conditions we’re all facing. All that stress takes a toll on our bodies, and the effects on our skin are readily visible.

The Relationship Between Stress and Acne

Both teenagers and adults can experience flares of acne as a result of stress. Research shows that in response to negative emotions, our bodies produce more hormones called androgens. These androgens stimulate oil glands and inflammatory cytokines which set the immune system into overdrive and trigger acne flare-ups.

Stress can also lead to repetitive behaviors such as skin picking or touching your face (which we need to avoid to reduce the risk of covid-19 infection). Squeezing pimples and skin picking can lead to infections and scarring which may worsen depression and anxiety.

Many people avoid socializing (even on Zoom!) when their acne flares, leading to further isolation. Studies show  that treating acne can boost mood and self-esteem.

Treating Acne through Telehealth

Over the past few weeks, I’ve seen an increase in severe acne in my telemedicine visits. The good news is that virtually everyone who is conscientious about using the medications and treatments we prescribe sees improvement after a relatively short period of time.

During my visit with a patient, which is performed on a secure HIPAA compliant platform, I take a complete health history, identify possible triggers and inquire about a patient’s diet. In doing so, I am better able to identify and recommend possible dietary changes that may help address the worsening of the patient’s acne. Patients who keep a food diary or record their food intake are often able to identify what foods tend to trigger breakouts.

Diet and Acne

There is also data to suggest that following a low-glycemic diet may reduce acne. Low-glycemic foods include most fresh vegetables, some fresh fruits, beans, and steel-cut oats. Check out these 8 principles of low-glycemic eating. It can also be helpful to minimize intake of sugar and processed carbohydrates and to consider discontinuation of whey protein supplements; milk (but not necessarily all dairy) can exacerbate acne in some individuals.

Tips for Treating Acne Breakouts

In addition to prescription medications that may be applied to the skin or sometimes taken orally, I recommend the following:

  • Wash your face twice a day and after sweating.
  • Use your fingertips to apply cleanser as washcloths and mesh sponges can irritate the skin.
  • Shampoo regularly. If your hair is oily, shampoo daily. Medicated shampoos can help too.
  • Don’t pop, pick or squeeze your acne, which can cause scars.
  • Don’t “spot treat” with your acne medicine. Apply a thin layer to the entire area in order to prevent new blemishes.
  • Use sunscreen that is designed for acne and labeled non-comedogenic or non-acnegenic.
  • If you have acne on the back, avoid using anything that rubs against your back, such as a backpack.
  • Bring all of your skin and hair care products to your televisit so we can review what might aggravate your acne.

Coping with Stress for our Health

When we are stressed, our self-care often takes a back seat. Our diet, sleep quality and quantity, and skin care regimen all play a role in our mental and physical health, including our skin.

During this difficult time, consider the following coping mechanisms:

Nobody needs to live with severe acne nor suffer from permanent scarring. With a combination of evidence-based dermatologic treatment, proper skin care and a healthy lifestyle, you can achieve clearer skin—even in the midst of a pandemic.

Click here to learn more about our telehealth platform and to request an appointment.

 

 

 

 

 

 

Skincare Tips for Diabetes Patients

5 Skin Tips for People with Diabetes

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According to the 2017 National Diabetes Statistics Report there are 30.3 million people with diabetes (9.4% of the US population) including 23.1 million people who are diagnosed and 7.2 million people (23.8%) undiagnosed.

Patients with diabetes are more susceptible to skin infections, especially on the feet and on the skin of the ear. More than 75% of patients with diabetes will have skin lesions. The most common is xerosis or dryness. Dry skin affects 50% of those with type 1 diabetes. Keratosis pilaris, or rough spots on the sides of arms affect about 10% of patients. Itching of the skin, especially on the torso, is very common.

Also occurring are smooth yellow plaques on the front of the shins called Necrobiosis lipoidica. These lesions are usually painless and are 3 times as likely to occur in women than in men. They can be treated with topical creams as well as oral medications that improve circulation, such as low-dose aspirin, pentoxifylline, dipyridamole and nicotimamide.

70% of diabetic men over 60 will develop diabetic dermopathy or shin spots. Over time these become dark depressions in the skin.

Skincare Tips for Diabetes Patients

So how does one prevent or treat these irritations caused by diabetes? Besides keeping your diabetes under control, here are some tips you can follow for skin care.

  1. Moisturize daily with an unscented emollient such as Cerave, Cetaphil or Uradin 10 lotion. Apply when skin is still damp- within 3 minutes of getting out of the bath or shower.
  2. Use a moisturizing, fragrance-free cleanser such as Dove soap. Oatmeal baths can also help reduce itching.
  3. Thoroughly dry skin folds such as underneath the breasts or between toes. Trapped moisture is a breeding ground for yeast and fungal infections.
  4. Check your feet daily for sores or cuts and treat with a topical antibiotic and bandage. Seek medical attention for any sores that have not healed or are red, swollen, hot or draining pus.
  5. Don’t cut cuticles around your nails as this can lead to infection.

Note that not all-natural health and beauty products are 100% natural. Many include fragrance and other ingredients that can irritate sensitive skin. Be sure to read the labels.

If you are concerned about your skin or whether you have diabetes, consult a physician.

Contact us with questions and to book your appointment.

Get your face ready for summer!

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Say goodbye to aging lines!

Get any Restylane facial filler and receive a FREE product from the options below.

WHEN: Tuesday, June 20
RESERVATIONS:
Call us at 301-652-8081

Revision Finishing Touch
This serious facial exfoliation scrub removes dead, dehydrated surface cells from the skin for an immediate soft, smooth appearance.

Revision Black Mask
This intensive mask with a moist after-feel deep cleans the skin, ridding it of impurities and excess sebum.

Tinted Physical Sunscreen – SPF 50+

This next generation BB cream provides superior broad spectrum UVA/UVB protection with a skin perfecting tint that reduces the signs of aging and evens skin tone. Worn alone or under foundation, this matte finish, multi-tasking formula provides:

• Mattifying, all day oil control
• Breathable SPF 50+ protection
• Age defying antioxidant benefits
• Universal Pigment Technology to blend with all skin tones
• Sheer tint to conceal minor skin imperfections
• Gentle hydration for even the most sensitive skin

Sheer Physical Sunscreen Spray – SPF 50+

Sheer, broad spectrum UVA/UVB SPF 50+ sunscreen utilizes innovative and proprietary formulation technologies to deliver ultra-light, quick absorbing, non-whitening protection. A true sensitive skin formula free of chemical stabilizers, this anti-photoaging sunscreen is water resistant for 40 minutes and fortified with a blend of powerful antioxidants. The 360º spray is perfect for on-the-go, trips alone to the beach or as a refresher under or over make up.

Call us with any questions and to make your reservation: 301-652-8081